Related Papers
Changing Windows on European Urban Planning History in the Twentieth Century
max welch guerra
This article is the result of my long growing discontent with predominant international planning historiography. From a certain moment onward I began to discover unaccountable blurring, confusing distortions and considerable blind spots in the traditional window through which we view the history of planning. Just like any other researcher in such a situation I was not disposed to accept this finding. I sought explanations for these shortcomings and reflected on the form that a window should take to overcome these defects. In the following I outline these reflections with regard to an outstanding chapter of international planning history, namely the history of European urban planning in the twentieth century.
Urbanism and Dictatorship. A European Perspective
Urbanism and dictatorship: Perspectives from the field of urban studies
2015 •
Alvaro Sevilla-Buitrago
I propose to use dictatorial urbanisms as an analytical opportunity to delve into some concealed features of modern urban design and planning. The chapter explores the political-spatial nexus of totalitarianism from a theoretical standpoint, focusing on the development of totalitarian planning mentalities and spatial rationalities and drawing links to other historical episodes in order to inscribe the former in a broader genealogy of urbanism. Needless to say, I don’t suggest that we use dictatorships as mere templates to understand modern productions of space. Instead, these cases provide a crude version of some fundamental drives in the operationalization of urbanism as an instrument of social regulation, showing how far the modern imagination of sociospatial orderings can go. Totalitarian urbanisms constituted a set of experiences where many dreams and aspirations of modern planning went to die. But not, as the conventional account would have it, because the former were the antithesis of the latter, but rather because they worked as the excess of a particular orientation of modern spatial governmentalities — namely, their focus on calculation, social engineering and disciplinary spatialities, and their attempt to subsume a wide range of everyday practices under institutional structuration by means of spatial mediations. Keywords: totalitarian urbanism, European dictatorships, urban order, national-socialism, fascism, stalinism, Francoism
Town Planning Review
Viewpoint Re-evaluating the place of urban planning history
2015 •
Peter J Larkham
European Planning History in the 20th Century
Interpreting 20th Century European Planning History
2022 •
Max Welch Guerra
Planning, Governing, and the Image of the City
michael neuman
Historical changes in planning and its theory in the last century show planners and theorists turning away from the physical plan and its image of the city in favor of analytical modes of planning in the 1960s and 1970s and of discursive modes since the 1980s. In this article, I analyze those changes in the context of another historical change that has affected planning: the shift from government to governance. Until recently, urban planning was seen as state control over cities by governing institutions. As cities and governments experienced successive crises since the 1960s, planning underwent changes that enabled cities to administer their fortunes better. Planners invented new methods and institutions that brought in new actors. Planning was no longer government acting on the city. Now it is governance acting through the city. The role of planning and the use of images and plans in precipitating this move is explored. Three questions are posed. Why have images and plans, historically important carriers of planning knowledge and tools for urban change, gotten the short stick in current theories? What does this neglect have to do with the current state of theory? Is this neglect related to the epistemological split between knowledge and action?
Four Perspectives on the History of Urban Planning
1981 •
Eugenie L Birch
ABSTRACT
Planning Theory & Practice
Finding hope in unpromising times: Stories of progressive planning alternatives for a world in crisis/Neoliberal planning is not the only way: mapping the regressive tendencies of planning practice/Can Batlló: Sustaining an insurgent urbanism/Dynamic planning initiated by residents: Implementable...
2013 •
Dallas Rogers
European Planning History in the 20th Century
The Anarchist Strain Of Planning History: Pursuing Peter Hall’s 'Cities of Tomorrow' Thesis through the Geddes Connection, 1866–1976
2022 •
Jere Kuzmanic, José Luis Oyón
Departing from Peter Hall's thesis in Cities of Tomorrow, the chapter deepens existing and reconstructs the missing parts in the historical continuity of one of the major under-presented influences on urban planning – the anarchist roots of the planning movement. Authors like Ward, Woodco*ck and Turner in Britain, and Doglio, Magnaghi and De Carlo in Italy constitute the thread recognizing the regionalist bridge from Kropotkin and Reclus to planners Geddes and Mumford. To showcase these connections, the chapter reviews recent research in geography and planning history on Reclus and Turner, using Patrick Geddes as the connection. Reclus and Geddes, beyond rich personal links, share a conceptual foundation of several projects. Outlook tower and Valley section emerge from mutual interest in a river basin and idea of the city-region – making the city-nature fusion an ideal of regionalist planning as presented in The Evolution of Cities. Geddes, further, resides in John Turner's holistic diagrams, urban-regional surveys and references on aided self-help housing in Indore report in Turner's pioneering research of self-aided housing in Latin America with Eduardo Neira. The influence crystalizes into Turner's housing is a verb, the maxim implying tenure, shelter and location as key vectors of housing provision.
History Builds the Town: on the uses of History in Twentieth Century City Planning
2006 •
Michael Hebbert
Throughout the twentieth century, city planners studied history. History and historicism have always played a central role in the ideology of the planning movement. Many of the founders at the start of the century were art historians (Brinckmann, Gurlitt). Every one of the pioneering textbooks of modern planning technique proceeded from analysis of the historical form and precedents (Sitte, Burnham, Hegemann, Unwin). The city planning movement stimulated and celebrated local historiography (Geddes, Poete). This intimate nexus between historical sensibility and city planning would be re-established in the later 20C by the neorationalists (Rossi), the neotraditionalists (Duany), morphologists (Vernez Moudon) and critical reconstructionists (Kleihues). Yet a different mode of historical exposition continued throughout the mid 20C climax of modernist city planning. How might we connect Lewis Mumford’s monumental urban history The Culture of Cities (1938) to his more anti-urban activity ...
Reinventing Planning as a Part of Good Urban Governance
2006 •
Cliff Hague
The paper addresses the conference themes - politics of planning and rules of the game - in a global context. It presents a case that globalization is changing planning cultures and that there is a need to "re-invent" planning for the 21 st century. Rapid urbanization and the urbanization of poverty fundamentally challenge many of the rules and routines of
