Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing (2024)

Dental Health

Dental Conditions

ByKathi Valeii

Updated on May 01, 2024

Medically reviewed byEdmund Khoo, DDS

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Dry socket, clinically called alveolar osteitis, is a healing complication that occurs after tooth extraction, often with wisdom teeth removal. Poor oral hygiene can place you at greater risk of dry socket. Food particles that get stuck in your extraction site and not cleaned out can dislodge the blood clot that protects the site.

Lots of other things contribute to developing the condition, including drinking through a straw, smoking, and rinsing and spitting too much after your dental procedure. Those activities can dislodge the blood clot over your extraction site.

This article explains how to differentiate dry socket pain from expected oral pain after tooth extraction, how to find pain relief, and expected healing time.

Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing (1)

Dry Socket and Mouth Pain: Understanding Symptoms

Dry socket is a distinct kind of pain that follows dental extraction. Early stage dry socket usually begins one to three days after your tooth has been pulled.

Dry socket symptoms include:

  • Severe pain in the first few days after an extraction
  • Pain that radiates from the extraction site outward toward your ear, eye, or neck
  • A visibly missing blood clot
  • A bad taste in your mouth
  • Bad breath
  • Low fever

When the blood clot over your extraction site is no longer there, it exposes bone and nerves and causes pain.

A Word From Verywell

Dry socket can be a very painful and unpleasant experience. Fortunately, it is predictably treatable, and further complications are rare.

EDMUND KHOO, DDS, MEDICAL REVIEW BOARD

Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing (2)

How Much Pain After a Tooth Pull Is Normal?

Dry socket is common in about 1% to 5% of all extractions and up to 38% of wisdom tooth extractions. So, it is important to understand how to identify the pain.

Some pain is expected and normal after a tooth extraction. Since pain is expected, it can sometimes be difficult to differentiate normal extraction from dry socket pain. Normal healing pain is not severe, responds to pain meds, and improves with time.

Dry Socket PainExtraction Pain
SevereMild to moderate
Radiates outwardIsolated to mouth
Not responsive to pain medsPain meds help
May be accompanied by bad breath and tasteNot associated with bad breath or taste
Pain gets worse each dayPain improves over time

As long as you have an open wound, you are at risk of developing a dry socket. Once the site is healed, dry sockets are no longer a risk. Extraction sites usually take a week to 10 days to fully close.

Risks of Dry Socket After a Dental Procedure

Dry socket after wisdom teethor other dental extraction is caused by a dislodged blood clot. Not everyone loses a blood clot, leading to dry socket, but some things may increase the risk of developing dry socket.

Risk factors include:

  • Smoking
  • Traumatic extraction
  • Using vasoconstrictor (epinephrine, often used in local anesthetics)
  • The amount of anesthesia administered
  • Pre-existing infections
  • Not following post-surgical instructions
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Diabetes
  • Chemotherapy
  • Anti-inflammatory drugs
  • Age (older studies have found a peak incidence at 18 to 33 years)
  • Sex (higher in females than males)
  • Use of oral contraceptives (birth control pills)

A Note on Gender and Sex Terminology

Verywell Health acknowledges thatsex and genderare related concepts, but they are not the same. To accurately reflect our sources, this article uses terms like “female,” “male,” “woman,” and “man” as the sources use them.

Dry Socket Pain Relief

Managing dry socket pain includes dental care and at-home care measures.

Dental Care

Your dentist will treat dry socket in the following ways:

  • Flushing food or other materials out of the socket
  • Packing the socket with a medicated dressing
  • Repacking the dressing at multiple visits

They may also prescribe a more powerful pain medicine. However, often, once the site is packed with a medicated dressing, your pain will reduce significantly. They may also prescribe antibiotics if they feel you could be at risk of developing a bacterial infection.

At-Home Measures

Your dentist will also advise you to care for dry socket at home, which usually includes the following:

  • Applying a cold pack to your jaw
  • Rinsing the dry socket with a saltwater solution
  • Avoiding smoking, tobacco, and alcohol

It is critical to follow your dentist's instructions to the letter. Doing so will help prevent complications and help you heal more quickly.

An Overview of Pain Management

Dry Socket Healing Time

Fortunately, dry socket pain doesn't last long. Once treatment begins, dry socket pain usually resolves within a few days. However, the speed at which you heal may vary depending on some factors.

For example, one small study found that 73% of those who received the antibiotic Cipro (ciprofloxacin) were completely relieved of symptoms within 24 hours without the need for additional painkillers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Dry socket can heal on its own. However, since the pain is severe, it's important to see a dentist for help managing pain. That's the fastest way to heal dry socket and find pain relief.

Dental Hygiene Tips With Dry Socket

If you develop a dry socket, oral hygiene is extra important. You need to keep the open wound clean and irrigated to remove food and other debris. Excellent oral hygiene may help prevent infection and limit the pain you experience.

Here are some tips for oral hygiene practices if you have dry socket:

  • Brush gently around the extraction site
  • Rinse your mouth with warm saltwater a few times a day
  • If your dentist instructed you to rinse your wound, follow their instructions in doing so
  • Avoid smoking
  • Avoid straw use
  • Avoid chewy, hard, or sticky foods

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Everything You Need to Know

Is Dry Socket Preventable?

After a tooth extraction, an oral surgeon will send you home with a list of instructions. These instructions will reduce your likelihood of developing an infection and dry socket, so it's essential to follow them exactly.

Researchers have found that the greatest risk of developing dry socket is having had it before. It is also more common in the mandible (teeth extracted from the lower jaw), with the highest incidence following lower wisdom teeth extraction.

Oral surgery recovery guidelines aimed at preventing dry socket include:

  • Avoiding straws
  • Sticking to soft foods and steering clear of hard, crunchy, and sticky foods
  • Maintaining good oral hygiene, including carefully brushing your teeth around the extraction site
  • Rinsing your mouth with a saltwater solution, carefully avoiding excessive spitting
  • Avoiding smoking and tobacco
  • Avoiding alcohol and carbonated beverages
  • Getting enough rest

Dry socket isn't always preventable. Some people are more prone to developing dry socket. However, following prevention strategies can reduce the risk.

Summary

Dry socket is common after teeth extraction, especially after wisdom teeth removal in the lower jaw. Good oral hygiene before and after your procedure can reduce your risk of developing this painful condition.

If you do develop dry socket, seeing your oral surgeon right away can help. They will pack your wound with medicated gauze, which usually results in immediate relief. Follow your oral surgeon's instructions to speed healing and experience less pain.

8 Sources

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

  1. MedlinePlus. Dry socket.

  2. Mamoun J. Dry socket etiology, diagnosis, and clinical treatment techniques.J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018;44(2):52-58. doi:10.5125/jkaoms.2018.44.2.52

  3. Khalil W. A new approach for explaining and treating dry sockets: a pilot retrospective study.Cureus. 2023;15(7):e41347. doi:10.7759/cureus.41347

  4. Tanaka K, Kudo K, Ambe K, Kawaai H, Yamazaki S. A histological study of vasoconstriction by local anesthetics in mandible.Anesth Prog. 2018;65(4):244-248. doi:10.2344/anpr-65-03-15

  5. Abu Younis MH, Abu Hantash RO. Dry socket: frequency, clinical picture, and risk factors in a Palestinian dental teaching center.Open Dent J. 2011;5:7-12. doi:10.2174/1874210601105010007

  6. Bienek DR, Filliben JJ. Risk assessment and sensitivity meta-analysis of alveolar osteitis occurrence in oral contraceptive users. J Am Dent Assoc. 2016;147(6):394-404. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2016.01.011

  7. Khalil W. A new approach for explaining and treating dry sockets: a pilot retrospective study.Cureus. 2023;15(7):e41347. doi:10.7759/cureus.41347

  8. Taberner-Vallverdú M, Camps-Font O, Gay-Escoda C, Sánchez-Garcés MA. Previous dry socket as a risk factor for alveolar osteitis: a nested case-control study in primary healthcare services.J Clin Exp Dent. 2022;14(6):e479-e485. doi:10.4317/jced.59586

Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing (3)

By Kathi Valeii
Valeii is a Michigan-based freelance writer with a bachelor's degree in communication from Purdue Global.

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Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing (2024)

FAQs

Dry Socket: How to Tell, Pain Symptoms, Healing? ›

If the pain worsens, becomes unbearable, or lasts days after the initial extraction, you could be dealing with a dry socket. Other symptoms include exposed bone at the extraction site, bad breath, a nasty taste in your mouth, and loss of the blood clot where the tooth was removed.

How to know when a dry socket is healing? ›

DRY SOCKET SYMPTOMS

With each day the patient should feel less and less pain as the healing process progresses. When a dry socket forms, the patient typically notices that their level of discomfort does progressively diminish for the first few days, but then, between 4-6 days the pain begins to intensify.

When does pain stop after dry socket treatment? ›

According to the Canadian Dental Association, dry socket typically occurs within 3–5 days of the extraction and lasts for up to 7 days. The pain is severe and can persist for 24–72 hours. The research recommends that further investigation takes place if pain continues beyond this timeframe.

How to tell the difference between dry socket and normal pain? ›

Dry sockets become increasingly painful in the days after a tooth extraction. They may also have exposed bone or tissue, or an unpleasant smell. By comparison, typical healing sockets become less painful over time and do not cause any other symptoms. A dry socket can be very painful but is not usually serious.

How much pain would I be in if I had dry socket? ›

But the pain with dry socket can be intense. It may start a few days after the extraction. If you have dry socket you may have: severe persistent, throbbing pain within 1 to 5 days of the tooth extraction — the pain may extend to your ear or eye on the same side of the face.

When am I safe from a dry socket? ›

When am I no longer at risk for dry socket? You're most likely to get dry socket within three days after tooth extraction. If you haven't developed dry socket by day five, you're probably in the clear.

How long does it take for a dry socket to fully close? ›

Dry socket typically lasts 7 days. Pain can be noticeable as early as day 3 after extraction. After tooth extraction, a blood clot usually forms at the site to heal and protect it. With dry socket, that clot either dislodges, dissolves too early, or it never formed in the first place.

Why is my dry socket pain getting worse? ›

Intense pain happens when the underlying bone and nerves are exposed. Pain occurs in the socket and along the nerves to the side of the face. The socket becomes swollen and irritated. It may fill with bits of food, making the pain worse.

Does dry socket pain go away with ibuprofen? ›

How Is Dry Socket Treated? You can take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, to ease the discomfort. Sometimes these over-the-counter medications aren't enough to relieve the pain. When that's the case, your doctor may prescribe a stronger drug or will anesthetize the area.

Why is my gum still sore 7 days after extraction? ›

One of the most common reasons for persistent pain is an infection in the extraction site. Even if you maintain good oral hygiene, bacteria can sometimes enter the socket, leading to an infection. This can cause throbbing pain, swelling, and a bad taste in your mouth.

What does a healthy dry socket look like? ›

A dry socket looks like an empty hole with a light color at the bottom of the extraction site. The light color is from the white-ish bone showing. A normal extraction site is a socket with a dark red blood clot formation covering the bone.

What can be mistaken for a dry socket? ›

An infected socket after tooth extraction is commonly mistaken for a dry socket, which is the result of your tooth socket being empty and having raw bone exposed. There's no infection, swelling, or redness.

How do you know if your socket is healing? ›

The healing process begins within the first day or so after tooth extraction. A blood clot develops over the extraction site. Shortly after, you will see tooth extraction healing white stuff form around the tooth socket. If you are not in any pain, this is a good sign.

Why isn't my dry socket healing? ›

You should expect to take 7 to 10 days to heal from the dry socket as new tissue covers the exposed bone and help heal the wound. However, the dry socket may take longer to heal if you have a thin bone or periodontal disease.

How long should dry socket packing stay in? ›

If the non-resorbable packing is placed you will need to return to the office in the next two to four days to have the dressing removed and possibly replaced depending on how fast the site heals. Sometimes a dry socket requires multiple dressing change appointments until it has healed adequately.

What not to do after dry socket treatment? ›

Carefully rinse the dry socket as directed by your dentist. Take antibiotics as instructed. Do not smoke, use tobacco, or drink alcohol.

Does dry socket gradually get better? ›

During normal recovery, your pain should steadily decrease over time. But instead of getting better, pain from dry socket will get worse over time. Dry socket pain usually starts a day or a few days after surgery.

How to tell if tooth extraction is healing? ›

Indications of proper healing after a tooth extraction include decreased pain and swelling within a few days, gradual improvement in discomfort, formation of a blood clot in the socket, pinkish tissue developing over the extraction site, and a normal or slightly elevated body temperature.

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